SFU vs HGU: What’s the Difference and Which Fits Your FTTH Deployment?

As fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) deployments continue to expand globally, ISPs and network integrators must carefully select the right equipment for customer premises to deliver reliable, high-speed internet. Two commonly discussed device types in FTTH rollouts are SFU (Single Family Unit) and HGU (Home Gateway Unit). Understanding their differences helps you design a cost-effective, scalable network that meets customer needs while keeping operations efficient.

What Is an SFU?

An SFU (Single Family Unit) typically refers to a bridge-type ONU (Optical Network Unit)  used in FTTH networks. Its primary role is to convert optical signals from the OLT (Optical Line Terminal) at the central office into electrical signals that a customer’s router or switch can use.

SFUs usually provide a single Gigabit Ethernet port for connection, allowing users to attach their own router to distribute the internet within the home. They are ideal when you prefer to separate the optical network layer from the user’s internal network for easier replacement, flexible upgrades, and simplified troubleshooting. This model is also popular with ISPs aiming to reduce the cost of equipment while giving customers the freedom to select their preferred Wi-Fi router.

What Is an HGU?

An HGU (Home Gateway Unit) is an ONU that integrates additional functions such as routing, NAT, firewall, and often Wi-Fi into a single device, eliminating the need for a separate home router. An HGU effectively combines the ONU with a home gateway, simplifying the user’s installation while offering centralized management for the ISP.

Using an HGU reduces the number of devices in the home, saves space, and simplifies setup for users. It is particularly valuable for ISPs seeking to offer managed Wi-Fi, advanced QoS, and TR-069 remote management, which enables remote troubleshooting, configuration, and firmware updates without sending technicians onsite.

SFU vs HGU: Key Differences

Feature	SFU	HGU
Main Function	Acts as a bridge ONU	Acts as ONU + Router
Internal Networking	Requires external router	Built-in routing and Wi-Fi
Interfaces	Typically 1 GE port	Multiple GE ports, Wi-Fi, VoIP
User Experience	Requires user to set up router	All-in-one simplicity
ISP Management	Limited	Supports TR-069/remote management
Best For	Flexible, low-cost deployments	Managed services, simplified installs

Why This Choice Matters for FTTH Networks

Choosing between SFU and HGU impacts:

•               Deployment Costs: SFUs typically have lower upfront costs, while HGUs reduce the need for an additional router.
•               User Experience: HGUs simplify the setup process, reducing the risk of incorrect installations by end-users.
•               Network Management: HGUs enable ISPs to monitor, manage, and troubleshoot customer networks remotely, reducing truck rolls and operational costs.
•               Upgrade Flexibility: SFUs allow users to upgrade routers independently, which can appeal to advanced users or businesses seeking tailored network performance.

Use Cases: When to Choose SFU vs HGU

Choose SFU if:

•           You want to give customers flexibility in choosing their router.
•           Your market values advanced router features or mesh Wi-Fi systems.
•           You aim for lower device costs in large-scale rollouts.

Choose HGU if:

•           You wish to offer a plug-and-play installation experience for customers.
•           You plan to provide managed Wi-Fi services with centralized control.
•           You aim to reduce on-site support and long-term operational costs.
•           Your customers prioritize simplicity over advanced customization.

Considerations for Fiber Deployments

As you expand your FTTH network, it’s important to consider how user needs and technical requirements shape device selection. HGUs simplify the customer’s environment by combining multiple functions into a single unit, making them ideal for users seeking a straightforward internet setup. However, SFUs provide more flexibility for advanced users or businesses that need specific router features or prefer mesh networking solutions.

Both device types play essential roles in FTTH rollouts, and many ISPs deploy a mix of SFUs and HGUs depending on customer segmentation, service tiers, and deployment goals.

Choosing the Right ONU Supplier

When planning your FTTH deployment, choosing a reliable ONU supplier is as crucial as selecting the device type. A trusted supplier can offer:

•           A complete range of SFU and HGU options for different deployment needs.
•           Support for the latest technologies, including Wi-Fi 6 HGUs, to future-proof your network.
•           TR-069 and OMCI management compatibility for efficient operations.
•           Proven quality to ensure stable connections and long-term customer satisfaction.

VSOL offers a wide range of ONU solutions designed to support your FTTH deployments with flexible, scalable, and cost-effective options to meet different network requirements. Whether you need bridge-type SFUs for maximum flexibility or integrated HGUs for a seamless user experience, VSOL provides the products and expertise to support your growth.

Final Thoughts

The choice between SFU and HGU in your FTTH deployment is not just about hardware; it’s about aligning your network strategy with customer expectations and operational efficiency. SFUs provide flexibility, lower costs, and allow customers to customize their home network setup, while HGUs deliver simplicity, integrated management, and a seamless installation process.

By understanding the differences and aligning them with your goals, you can deliver high-quality fiber services that meet customer needs while optimizing your operational workflow. Partnering with experienced suppliers like VSOL ensures you get reliable, high-performance ONU solutions, helping your FTTH network remain competitive in a rapidly evolving market.