It took a while for legislation to catch up with the rapid advancement of e-bike technology, resulting in a period of uncertainty regarding their official classification. The question of whether they should be treated as bicycles or motor vehicles complicated matters like choosing the appropriate lane for riding. However, as of 2020, electric bikes have been officially categorized into classes 1, 2, and 3.
It’s important to note that manufacturers may not adhere consistently to the class specifications of e-bikes. Therefore, before making a purchase, familiarize yourself with the classes and local e-bike laws. Here’s a general breakdown of each class:
Class 1
These are essentially regular bikes with an added boost. Class 1 e-bikes provide assistance to the motor when you start pedaling. Some models increase assistance as you pedal harder, while others allow you to set the assistance level. The critical criterion for a class 1 electric bike is that the assistance stops when the speed reaches 20mph. This doesn’t mean you can’t go faster, but the motor won’t assist beyond that speed. The cutoff method varies among manufacturers, with some e-bikes abruptly cutting power, while others do it more smoothly.
Class 2
Class 2 e-bikes are similar to class 1, but they include a throttle. The throttle allows forward movement without pedaling. However, the power is capped at 20mph, meaning the throttle ceases to function beyond that speed. While some riders may prefer not to have a throttle, it can be beneficial, especially when dealing with the weight of certain e-bikes or navigating through traffic, providing a quick burst of speed when necessary.
Class 3
Class 3 e-bikes are the fastest in terms of assistance, offering support up to 28mph. Like classes 1 and 2, this doesn’t mean you can’t exceed this speed, but assistance stops once you surpass the 28mph limit. Exceeding this limit is uncommon unless you are riding downhill, where the motor disengages until you resume pedaling. A speedometer is a requirement for this class.
What class is the best?
Choosing the best class depends on personal preference and how an e-bike aligns with your needs and lifestyle. It’s worth noting that class 3 e-bikes often function as class 2 as well. For instance, Vetanya electric bikes can operate as both class 2 and class 3 e-bikes, offering flexibility in how you choose to use them. Vetanya e-bikes come with additional perks, such as a half-twist throttle design that prioritizes comfort and safety over the typical full twist design.